Difference between revisions of "Alexander"

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'''Alexander''' is a male [[forename]]. It derives from the [[Greek]] [[adjective]] Αλεξανδρος‚, 'defender of men', sometimes applied to the goddess Hera, and later to the legendary hero [[Paris]]. It has various forms: ''Alexandre'' in French; ''Alessandro'' or ''Sandro'' in Italian; ''Alysaundre'' in medieval French, and its earliest form in English; ''Alasdair'' in [[Gaelic]]. In Russian, the male name '''Sacha''' (or Sashe) is a common shortening. In Persia, Afghanistan and other Middle Eastern, the name Iskander is a commemoration of [[Alexander the Great]]'s conquests in 331-329.
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'''Alexander''' is a male [[forename]]. It derives from the [[Greek]] [[adjective]] Αλεξανδρος‚, 'defender of men', sometimes applied to the goddess Hera, and later to the legendary hero [[Paris]]. It has various forms: ''Alexandre'' in French; ''Alessandro'' or ''Sandro'' in Italian; ''Alysaundre'' in medieval French, and its earliest form in English; ''Alasdair'' in [[Gaelic]]. In Russian, the male name '''Sacha''' (or Sashe) is a common shortening. In Persia, Afghanistan and other Middle Eastern countries, the name Iskander is a commemoration of [[Alexander the Great]]'s conquests in 331-329.
 
*Saints.There have been several [[Saint]]s called Alexander, some only recognized by the [[Eastern Orthodox Church - Oriental Orthodox Church|Orthodox churches]]. Among the early ones, several were martyrs, and one was a Pope. The most significant was Alexander of Constantinople, c. 242–c. 340), bishop of Byzantium and then first Archbishop of Constantinople, who excommunicated [[Arius]], having attended the Council of Nicaea (325), which rejected [[Arianism]] and drew up the [[Nicene Creed]].
 
*Saints.There have been several [[Saint]]s called Alexander, some only recognized by the [[Eastern Orthodox Church - Oriental Orthodox Church|Orthodox churches]]. Among the early ones, several were martyrs, and one was a Pope. The most significant was Alexander of Constantinople, c. 242–c. 340), bishop of Byzantium and then first Archbishop of Constantinople, who excommunicated [[Arius]], having attended the Council of Nicaea (325), which rejected [[Arianism]] and drew up the [[Nicene Creed]].
 
*Popes:
 
*Popes:
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**in modern Greece, Alexander, King of the Hellenes (1893-1920) reigned from 1917 to 1920, and in other Balkan states the confusingly numbered Alexander (Karađorđević) I (1806-1885), Prince of Serbia 1842-1858; Alexander (Obrenović) I (1876-1903) King of Serbia 1889-1903; and Alexander I (Karađorđević)(1888-1934) King of Yugoslavia  1921-34.
 
**in modern Greece, Alexander, King of the Hellenes (1893-1920) reigned from 1917 to 1920, and in other Balkan states the confusingly numbered Alexander (Karađorđević) I (1806-1885), Prince of Serbia 1842-1858; Alexander (Obrenović) I (1876-1903) King of Serbia 1889-1903; and Alexander I (Karađorđević)(1888-1934) King of Yugoslavia  1921-34.
 
**in Scotland: see [[King Alexander]]
 
**in Scotland: see [[King Alexander]]
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**There have also been three [[Czar]]s of Russia: Alexander I (1777-1825), ruled 1801-1825 - [[Napoleon]]'s opponent;; Alexander (1818-1881) reigned 1855-1881; Alexander III (1845-1894)
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**There have also been three [[Czar]]s of Russia: Alexander I (1777-1825), ruled 1801-1825 - [[Napoleon]]'s opponent; Alexander II (1818-1881, reigned 1855-1881); Alexander III (1845-1894).
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*'''Alexander''' is also a [[surname]], carried amongst others by
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**Field Marshal Harold Alexander, 1st Viscount (later Earl) Alexander of Tunis, (1891–1969), Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean 1944; Governor General of Canada 1946-1952; Minister of Defence 1952-1954. Widely known as '''Alex'''.
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**Frederick Matthias Alexander (1869–1955), developer of the '''Alexander Technique''', an alternative medicine approach to better posture and breathing.
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**Jean Alexander (1926-2016), actor - played 'Hilda Ogden' in ''Coronation Street'' 1964-1987.
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**Albert Victor Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Hillsborough, (1885–1965), First Lord of the Admiralty and Miniater of Defence. Known as 'A. V.'.
 
*The [[common noun]] '''alexanders''', which is [[singular]] although having plural form, is an English name for a common plant (''Smyrnium Olusatrum''). It looks not unlike celery, growing about 4 foot tall, and was formerly eaten in the same way - popular with the Romans, who introduced it to Britain, because it was welcome early green-stuff.
 
*The [[common noun]] '''alexanders''', which is [[singular]] although having plural form, is an English name for a common plant (''Smyrnium Olusatrum''). It looks not unlike celery, growing about 4 foot tall, and was formerly eaten in the same way - popular with the Romans, who introduced it to Britain, because it was welcome early green-stuff.
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*The Alexander Technique is an alternative medicine approach to better posture and breathing.
 
  
 
[[category:disambiguation]]
 
[[category:disambiguation]]

Latest revision as of 18:22, 20 December 2020

Alexander is a male forename. It derives from the Greek adjective Αλεξανδρος‚, 'defender of men', sometimes applied to the goddess Hera, and later to the legendary hero Paris. It has various forms: Alexandre in French; Alessandro or Sandro in Italian; Alysaundre in medieval French, and its earliest form in English; Alasdair in Gaelic. In Russian, the male name Sacha (or Sashe) is a common shortening. In Persia, Afghanistan and other Middle Eastern countries, the name Iskander is a commemoration of Alexander the Great's conquests in 331-329.

  • Saints.There have been several Saints called Alexander, some only recognized by the Orthodox churches. Among the early ones, several were martyrs, and one was a Pope. The most significant was Alexander of Constantinople, c. 242–c. 340), bishop of Byzantium and then first Archbishop of Constantinople, who excommunicated Arius, having attended the Council of Nicaea (325), which rejected Arianism and drew up the Nicene Creed.
  • Popes:
    • Alexander I, St, (c. 109-c. 116) The fifth or sixth pope after St Peter.
    • Alexander II (1061-73). Original name Anselm.
    • Alexander III (1159-81). Originally Orlando (Roland) Bandinelli.
    • Alexander IV (1254-61). Rinaldo, son of Philip count of Ienne.
    • Alexander V (1409-10). Pietro Philarghi (a Greek, formerly Peter of Candia, or Crete).
    • Alexander VI (1492-1503). A Spaniard christened Rodrigo de Borja y Borja, perhaps better known by its Italian equivalent Borgia. Notorious as a licentious Pope, father of Cesare and Lucrezia Borgia, amongst at least nine children.
    • Alexander VII (1655-67). Italian; Fabio Chigi.
    • Alexander VIII (1689-91). Pietro Ottoboni.
  • Kings and rulers, including:
    • in ancient Greece:
      • of Epirus: Alexander I, (370 - 331 BCE) and and Alexander II (272-c.242 BCE)
      • of Macedon: Alexander I (495-450 BCE), Alexander II (370 to 368 BCE); Alexander III, Alexander the Great, (356-323 BCE), his posthumous son Alexander IV (323-309 BCE), who was assassinated at the age of 14; and Alexander V (r. 297-294 BCE), who was also assassinated
    • in modern Greece, Alexander, King of the Hellenes (1893-1920) reigned from 1917 to 1920, and in other Balkan states the confusingly numbered Alexander (Karađorđević) I (1806-1885), Prince of Serbia 1842-1858; Alexander (Obrenović) I (1876-1903) King of Serbia 1889-1903; and Alexander I (Karađorđević)(1888-1934) King of Yugoslavia 1921-34.
    • in Scotland: see King Alexander
    • There have also been three Czars of Russia: Alexander I (1777-1825), ruled 1801-1825 - Napoleon's opponent; Alexander II (1818-1881, reigned 1855-1881); Alexander III (1845-1894).
  • Alexander is also a surname, carried amongst others by
    • Field Marshal Harold Alexander, 1st Viscount (later Earl) Alexander of Tunis, (1891–1969), Supreme Allied Commander Mediterranean 1944; Governor General of Canada 1946-1952; Minister of Defence 1952-1954. Widely known as Alex.
    • Frederick Matthias Alexander (1869–1955), developer of the Alexander Technique, an alternative medicine approach to better posture and breathing.
    • Jean Alexander (1926-2016), actor - played 'Hilda Ogden' in Coronation Street 1964-1987.
    • Albert Victor Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Hillsborough, (1885–1965), First Lord of the Admiralty and Miniater of Defence. Known as 'A. V.'.
  • The common noun alexanders, which is singular although having plural form, is an English name for a common plant (Smyrnium Olusatrum). It looks not unlike celery, growing about 4 foot tall, and was formerly eaten in the same way - popular with the Romans, who introduced it to Britain, because it was welcome early green-stuff.
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