View source for Popes (chronological List - 1000 to now)

Chronological List of [[The Pope|Pope]]s (and [[Antipope]]s), after [[Kelly & Walsh 2010]]. Their ''The Oxford Dictionary of Popes'' contains biographical details of every Pope in AWE's lists, and is available on line, through [[Athens]].

This chronological list is being split into two, for technical reasons. This page contains the Popes from the second millennium; the list for those up to 1000 CE is at [[Popes (chronological List - to 1000)]]. Note that there was no John XX: the transition in the numbering from John XIX to John XXI is due to early scribal confusion. (There has never been a [[Pope Joan]].)

You may find it more helpful to consult the '''alphabetical list of Popes'''. That too has been split, into [[Popes (alphabetical list A-L)]] and [[Popes (alphabetical list - M-Z)]].

{| border="1" cellpadding="2"

! Regnal dates || Papal name !! original name !! family !! notes
|- 
| 999–1003 || Silvester II<br>This entry appears also in [[Popes (chronological List - to 1000)|the list for the 1st millennium]] || Gerbert || || Born c. 945 in Auvergne.
|-
| 1003 || John XVII || John || Sicco, son of John (Roman) || 
|-
| 1003–9 || John XVIII || John || Fasanus ('Cock'), son of Ursus (Roman) || Perhaps abdicated, 1009
|-
| 1009–12 || Sergius IV || Peter [[Nickname]]d <br>''Bucca Porci'' ('Pig's Snout') || 'Son of Peter'; Roman. || Altered his name out of respect for the [[Saint Peter|'Prince of the Apostles']]
|-
| 1012–24 || Benedict VIII || Theophylact || Tusculan (Counts of Tusculum) || Born c. 980 
|-
| ''1012'' || ''[Gregory (VI)]'' || ''Gregory: original and regnal name'' || || ''[[Antipope]]: Crescenti candidate in opposition to Benedict VIII. <br>Nothing is known about his antecedents.'' 
|- 
| 1024–32 || John XIX || Romanus || Tusculan brother of Benedict VIII  || 
|-
| 1032–44 || Benedict IX  (1st reign) || Theophylact || Tusculan || Nephew of Benedict VIII (also Theophylact <br>Unpopular, licentious. Died 1055 or 1056
|-
| 1045 || Silvester III || John (Bp of Sabina || connected to (supported by) Crescentii || Disputed with Benedict |X: "his right to be considered an authentic pope is open to question" [[Kelly & Walsh 2010]]
|-
| 1045 || Benedict IX (2nd reign) || Theophylact || Tusculan || Nephew of Benedict VIII (also Theophylact <br>Unpopular, licentious. Died 1055 or 1056
|-
| 1045–6 || Gregory VI || John || Gratian  (?related to Pierleoni family) || 
|-
| 1046–7 || Clement II || Suidger || A Saxon (German) || Proposed by Henry III of Germany to break Roman families' domination of papacy
|-
| 1047–8 || Benedict IX (3rd reign) || Theophylact || Tusculan || Nephew of Benedict VIII (also Theophylact <br>Unpopular, licentious. Died 1055 or 1056
|-
| 1048 || Damasus II || Poppo || German || Pope for 23 days
|-
| 1049–54 || Leo IX || Bruno || Son of Count of Egisheim || Nominated by emperor Henry III (1039–56); [[Canon (religious)|Canonized]]. 
|-
| 1055–7 || Victor II || Gebhard || of Dollnstein-Hirschberg (Swabian)<br>Son of Count Hartwig  || Born c. 1018: last of the German popes nominated by Henry III (1039–56). 
|-
| 1057–8 || [[Stephen]] IX (X) || Frederick || of Lorraine (abbot of Monte Cassino || 
|-
| ''1058–9'' || ''[Benedict X]'' || ''John'' || ''Mincius'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to  Gregory VII. Died (confined) 1073''
|-
| 1058–61 || Nicholas II || Gerard || French || Born c. 1010  
|-
| 1061–73 || Alexander II || Anselm || 'of Baggio' [near Milan] || 
|-
| ''1061–1064: '' || ''[Honorius (II)]'' || ''Peter'' || ''Cadalus (German descent)'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Alexander II. Born 1009/10; d. 1071/2) ''
|-
| 1073–85 || Gregory VII || Hildebrand || Tuscan || [[Canon (religious)|Canonized]]: "Acknowledged generally as one of the greatest popes and most impressive figures of the medieval world" [[Kelly & Walsh 2010]].  Born c. 1020 
|-
| ''1080; 1084-1100'' || ''[Clement (III)]'' || ''Guibert'' || ''(of Canossa)'' || ''[[Antipope]]: [[King Henry#Henry IV of Germany|Henry IV of Germany]] had him elected'' in opposition to Gregory VII'' (consecrated 1084; d. 1100)
|-
| 1086–7 || Victor III || Desiderius, (orig. Daufer/Daufari) || Abbot of Monte Cassino <br>Related to D.s of Benevento || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]
|-
| 1088–99 || Urban II || Odo (Eudes) || French || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]
|-
| 1099–1118 || Paschal II || Rainerius || (Romagna) || 
|-
| ''1100–01'' || ''[Theoderic]'' || || ''(?) Roman; Bp of Albano'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Paschal II'' 
|-
| ''1101'' || ''[Albert (Adalbert)]'' || || || ''[[Antipope]], in opposition to '''Pascal II''' (below); died imprisoned in a monastery''
|-
| ''1105–11'' || ''[Silvester IV]'' || ''Maginulf, (archpriest of S. Angelo)'' || || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Paschal II ''
|-
| 1118–19 || Gelasius II || John || of Gaeta || 
|- 
| ''1118–21'' || ''[Gregory (VIII)]'' || ''Maurice'' || ''Bourdin (French)'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Gelasius. Born Limoges''
|-
| 1119–24 || Callistus II || Son of Count William of Burgundy || [[Burgundian]] || Born in ''Franche Comté'' c.  1050 
|-
| 1124–30 || Honorius II || Lamberto || Scannabecchi (Bolognese) || 
|-
| ''1124'' || ''[Celestine (II)]'' || ''Teobaldo || || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Nonorius II. Elected 15th, resigned 16th Dec. 1124: d. 1125 or 6''
|-
| 1130–43 || Innocent II || Gregorio || Roman: (family name, Papareschi, later - from 'papa' || In schism with Anacletus II. 
|-
| ''1130–38'' || ''[Anacletus II]'' || ''Pietro (Cardinal of Sta Maria in Trastevere)'' || ''Pierleoni'' || ''[[Antipope]] (disputed) at time of '''Innocent III'''' (below)''
|-
| ''1138'' || ''[Victor IV #1]'' || ''Gregorio'' || ''Conti (Frosinone)'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Innocent II; succeeded [[antipope]] Anacletus II''. Only 'reigned' Jan-May.
|-
| 1143–4 || Celestine II || Guido || of Città di Castello, in Umbria ||
|-
| 1144–5 ||Lucius II ||  Gherardo || Caccianemici (Lombard ||
|-
| 1145–53 || [[Eugene|Eugene/Eugenius]] III || Bernardo || Pignatelli || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[Canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. Born at Pisa in 1128. 
|-
| 1153–4 || Anastasius IV || || Roman; Corrado  || 
|-
| 1154–9 || Hadrian IV || Nicholas  || Breakspear, son of Richard || Born c. 1100; the only English pope
|-
| 1159–81 || Alexander III || Orlando (Roland), son of Ranuccio|| Bandinelli|| Born at Siena c. 1100
|-
| ''1159–64'' || ''[Victor IV #2]'' || ''Ottaviano'' || ''of Monticelli (Sabina)'' || [[Antipope]] in opposition to Alexander III 
|-
| ''1164–8'' || ''[Paschal III]'' || ''Guido'' || ''of Crema'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Alexander III''. 
|-
| ''1168–78'' || ''[Callistus (III)]'' || ''Giovanni ''|| || ''[[Antipope]]; Frederick Barbarossa's candidate against '''Alexander III'''. Submitted 1178; d. before 1184.''
|-
| ''1179–80'' || ''[Innocent (III)]'' || ''Lando'' || ''Lombard'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Alexander III.'' 
|-
| 1181-5 || Lucius III || Ubaldo || Allucingoli (Tuscan). || Born c. 1110 at Lucca, 
|-
| 1185–7 || Urban III || Umberto || Crivelli (Milanese) || 
|-
| 1187 || Gregory VIII || Alberto || de Morra , Campania (Italy)|| Born c. 1110 at Benevento,
|-
| 1187–91 || Clement III || Paolo || Scolari (Roman) || 
|-
| 1191–8 || Celestine III || Giacinto || Bobo (Boboni, later Orsini) family || Born c. 1105, elected at 85
|-
| 1198–1216 || Innocent III || Lotario || son of count of Segni || Born 1160/61 
|-
| 1216–27 || Honorius III || Censio || Savelli  || 
|-
| 1227–41 || Gregory IX || Ugo or Ugolino || Nephew of Innocent III; son of count of Segni || Born c.1170
|-
| 1241 || Celestine IV || Goffredo || da Castiglione || Died within days of election.
|-
| 1243–54 || Innocent IV || Sinibaldo || Fieschi (Genoese) ||  son of Count Hugo of Lavagna
|-
| 1254–61 || Alexander IV || Rinaldo || son of Philip count of Ienne || 
|-
| 1261–4 || Urban IV || Jacques || Pantaléon (French) || Patriarch of Jerusalem  
|-
| 1265–8 || Clement IV || Guy || Foucois (French) || Born c. 1195
|-
| 1271–6 || Gregory X || Tedaldo || Visconti || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. Nobly born c. 1210 at Piacenza 
|-
| 1276 || Innocent V || Pierre || 'of Tarentaise' (French) || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. Born c. 1224, 
|-
| 1276 || Hadrian V || Ottobono || Fieschi (Genoese) || Born c. 1205. Not a priest, nor consecrated as Pope 
|-
| 1276–7 || John XXI || Pedro || Julião (better known as Peter of Spain); Portuguese || Born (son of a doctor) 1210/20
|-
| 1277–80 || Nicholas III || Giovanni Gaetano || Orsini || Born 1210/20 
|-
| 1281–5 || Martin IV || Simon || de Brie, or Brion; French || Born between 1210 and 20 
|-
| 1285–7 || Honorius IV || Giacomo || Savelli (Roman); grand-nephew of Honorius III || Born 1210 
|-
| 1288–92 || Nicholas IV || Girolamo || Masci (Italian) || Franciscan friar, born 1227 
|-
| 1294 || Celestine V || Pietro || del Morrone || Hermit (peasant stock); elected after stalemate. [[Canon]]ized ([[Saint|St]] '''Peter Celestine'''); only Pope to abdicate voluntarily.
|-
| 1294–1303 || Boniface VIII || Benedetto || Caetani. || Born c. 1235
|- 
| 1303–4|| Benedict XI || Niccolò || Boccasino || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. Born at Treviso in 1240
|-
| 1305–14 || Clement V || Bertrand || de Got. A Gascon (French) || First [[Avignon Pope]]. Born c. 1250
|-
| 1316–34 || John XXII || Jacques ||  Duèse (French) || [[Avignon Pope]]. Born at Cahors c. 1244 
|-
| ''1328-1330'' || ''[Nicholas V]'' || ''Pietro'' || ''Rainalducci (Southern Italian)'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to John XXII. Franciscan. "he seems to have been a harmless person of little importance" ([[Kelly & Walsh 2010]]). D. 1333''
|-
| 1334–42 || Benedict XII || Jacques || Fournier || [[Avignon Pope]]. French; born c. 1280–85 
|-
| 1342–52 || Clement VI || Pierre || son of Guillaume Roger (French) || [[Avignon Pope]].
|-
| 1352–62 || Innocent VI || Étienne || Aubert (French) || [[Avignon Pope]]. 
|-
| 1362–70 || Urban V || Guillaume || de Grimoard (French) || [[Avignon Pope]] - the last to die there. '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. B. c. 1310
|-
| 1370–78 || Gregory XI || Pierre Roger || de Beaufort (French) || [[Avignon Pope]] who returned to Rome in 1377. Born c. 1330
|-
| 1378-1389 || Urban VI || Bartolomeo || Prignano (Neapolitan) || Born c. 1318. The cause of the [[Great (Western) Schism]].
|-
| ''1378–94'' || ''[Clement (VII)]'' || ''Robert'' || ''son of count of Geneva'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Urban IV: first of the the antipopes of the [[Great (Western) Schism]].''
|-
| 1389–1404 || Boniface IX || Pietro || Tomacelli || Born c. 1350 at Naples 
|-
| ''1394–1417'' || ''[Benedict (XIII)]'' || ''Pedro'' || ''de Luna (Spanish)'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Boniface IX; ; born c. 1342/3; died 1423''
|-
| 1404–6 || Innocent VII || Cosimo Gentile || de' Migliorati || Born c. 1336 at Sulmona, in the Abruzzi,
|-
| 1406–15 || Gregory XII || Angelo || Correr; Venetian || Born c. 1325 
|-
| ''1409–10'' || ''[Alexander V]'' || ''Pietro (Peter of Candia) ''|| ''Philarghi''  || ''[[antipope]] in opposition to both Gregory XII and Antipope  Benedict XIII (below): "some historians give him the compromise description of 'council pope'" ([[Kelly & Walsh 2010]])''
|-
| ''1410–15'' || ''[John (XXIII)]'' || ''Baldassare'' || ''Cossa (Neapolitan)'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Gregory XII & Benedict XIII. Abdicated 1415; died 1419''
|-
| 1417–31 || Martin V || Oddo || Colonna. Italian || Born 1368, 
|-
| ''1423–9'' || ''[Clement (VIII)]'' || ''Gil Sanchez'' || ''Muñoz y Carbón (Spanish)'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Martin V. Born c. 1360, d, 1446''
|-
| ''1425–?1430'' || ''[Benedict (XIV)] #1'' || ''Bernard ''|| ''Garnier'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Clement VIII; very obscure.''
|-
| 1431–47 || [[Eugene|Eugene/Eugenius]] IV || Gabriele || Condulmaro (Venetian) ||  Born c.1383
|-
| ''1439–49'' || ''[Felix V]]'' || ''Amadeus'' || ''Duke of Savoy'' || ''[[Antipope]] in opposition to Eugene IV and Nicholas V, in favour of whom he abdicated <br>Born Chambéry 1383; d. 1451. Last Antipope.''
|-
| 1447–55 || Nicholas V || Tommaso || Parentucelli  (Ligurian) ||  
|-
| 1455–8 || Callistus III || Alfonso || de Borja ''or'' Borgia || Born in Valencia, 1378
|-
| 1458–64 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] II || Enea Silvio || Piccolomini || Born 1405 near Siena
|-
| 1464–71 || Paul II || Pietro || Barbo (Venetian) || Born 1417, nephew of Eugene IV
|-
| 1471–84 || [[Sixtus]] IV || Francesco || della Rovere  (Ligurian) || Born 1414. Builder & namer of the [[Sistine|Sistine Chapel]]
|-
| 1484–92 || Innocent VIII || Giovanni Battista || Cibò. || Son of a Roman, born at Genoa 1432
|-
| 1492–1503 || Alexander VI || Rodrigo de Borja y Borja || Borgia || Spaniard, born 1431 at Játiva, near Valencia. |
|-
| 1503 || [[pious - pius|Pius]]III || Francesco || Todeschini (later Piccolomini) || Born at Siena in 1439; nephew of Pius II. Ruled 10 days
|-
| 1503–13 || Julius II || Giuliano || della Rovere (Italian) || Born 1443. ''Il Terribile'': warlike and temporal. [[Michelangelo]]'s patron.
|-
| 1513–21 || Leo X || Giovanni || de' [[Medici]]; son of [[Lorenzo the Magnificent]] || Born 1475. His extravagance, + building St Peter's, led to sale of indulgences, and helped spark the [[Reformation]].
|-
| 1522–3 || Hadrian VI || Adrian Florensz || Dedal (or Boeyens) (Dutch) || Last non-Italian Pope before John Paul II
|-
| 1523–34 || Clement VII || Giulio || [[de' Medici]], bastard of Giuliano and nephew of [[Lorenzo the Magnificent]] || Born at Florence 1479 
|-
| 1534–49 || Paul III || Alessandro || Farnese (Latian) || Born 1468
|-
| 1550–55 || Julius III || Giovanni Maria || Ciocchi del Monte (Roman) ||  Born 1487. Patron of [[Michelangelo]], [[Palestrina]] and the [[Jesuit]]s.
|-
| 1555 || Marcellus II || Marcello (personal & regnal) || Cervini (Italian) || Born 1501
|-
| 1555–9 || Paul IV || Giampietro II || Carafa (Campanian) || Born 1476.
|-
| 1559–65 || [[pious - pius|Pius]]IV || Giovanni Angelo || Medici (not a Florentine [[Medici]]) || Born at Milan 1499
|-
| 1566–72 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] V || Michele (Dom. name)<br>(born Antonio) || Ghislieri || [[Canon (religious)|Canonized]]. Born 1504; a shepherd until he became a Dominican at 14.
|-
| 1572–85 || Gregory XIII || Ugo || Boncompagni (Lombard) || Born at Bologna on 1 Jan. 1502. Introduced the '''[[Gregorian calendar]]''' in  1582
|-
| 1585–90 || [[Sixtus]] V || Felice || Peretti || Born 1520. The instigator of the Sistine [[Vulgate]]
|-
| 1590 || Urban VII || Giambattista || Castagna || Roman (Genoese father). Born 1521
|-
| 1590–91 || Gregory XIV || Niccolò || Sfondrati (Milanese) || Born 1535 
|-
| 1591 || Innocent IX || Giovanni Antonio || Fachinetti (Bolognese) || Born 1519 at Bologna 
|-
| 1592–1605 || Clement VIII || Ippolito || Aldobrandini || Born at Fano 1536. The instigator of the Clementine [[Vulgate]]
|-
| 1605 || Leo XI || Alessandro Ottaviano || de' Medici || Born 1535. Devout Pope supporting [[Tridentine]] reforms
|-
| 1605–21 || Paul V || Camillo || Borghese (Roman) || Born 1552
|-
| 1621–3 || Gregory XV || Alessandro  || Ludovisi || Born at Bologna, 1554 
|-
| 1623–44 || Urban VIII || Maffeo || Barberini: Florentine || Born 1568 
|-
| 1644–55 || Innocent X || Giambattista || Pamphili (Roman) || Born 1574. His portrait by [[Velásquez]] was an inspiration to Francis Bacon's 'Screaming Popes' paintings. 
|-
| 1655–67 || Alexander VII || Fabio || Chigi || Born 1599 at Siena 
|-
| 1667–9 || Clement IX || Giulio || Rospigliosi || Born 1600
|-
| 1670–76 || Clement X || Emilio || Altieri || Born in Rome 1590
|-
| 1676–89 || Innocent XI || Benedetto || Odescalchi || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. Born at Como on 19 May 1611
|-
| 1689–91 || Alexander VIII || Pietro || Ottoboni || born at Venice, 1610
|-
| 1691–1700 || Innocent XII || Antonio || Pignatelli || Born in Naples 1615, 
|-
| 1700–21 || Clement XI || Giovanni Francesco || Albani (Umbrian) |\ Born at Urbino 1649
|-
| 1721–4 || Innocent XIII || Michelangelo || dei Conti || Son of duke of Poli; born there 1655 
|-
| 1724–30 || Benedict XIII || Pietro Francesco || Orsini || 
|-
| 1730–40 || Clement XII || Lorenzo || Corsini (Florentine ||Born 1652
|-
| 1740–58 || Benedict XIV || Prospero Lorenzo || Lambertini  || Born 1675 
|-
| 1758–69 || Clement XIII || Carlo || della Torre Rezzonico || Born at Venice 1693
|-
| 1769–74 || Clement XIV || Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio<br>(Franciscan, named Fr Lorenzo || Ganganelli ||
|-
| 1775–99 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] VI || Giovanni Angelo || Braschi ||  Born in Emilia, 1717. Died in exile from the [[Napoleon]]ic [[Roman|Roman Republic]] in 1799.
|-
| 1800–23 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] VII || Luigi Barnabà (born)<br>Gregorio (Ben. name) || Chiaramonte || Born in Emilia, 1742 (like his relative Pius VI; Benedictine
|-
| 1823–9 || Leo XII || Annibale Sermattei || della Genga (Umbrian) || Born 1760 
|-
| 1829–30 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] VIII || Francesco Saverio || Castiglione || Born near Ancona 1761
|-
| 1831–46 || Gregory XVI || Bartolomeo Alberto || Cappellari (Venetian) ||  Born 1765: monastic name Mauro
|-
| 1846–78 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] IX || Giovanni Maria || Mastai-Ferretti || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. Born Ancona, 1792. Driven from Rome in 1848, returning in 1850, by the third [[Roman|Roman Republic]] (1849)
|-
| 1878–1903 || Leo XIII || Gioacchino Vincenzo || Pecci  || Born 1810
|-
| 1903–14 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] X || Giuseppe Melchiorre || Sarto || [[Canon (religious)|Canonized]]. Born Upper Venetia, 1835 
|-
| 1914–22 || Benedict XV || Giacomo || Della Chiesa || Born 1854.
|-
| 1922–39 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] XI || Ambrogio Damiano Achille || Ratti || Born 1857 near Milan 
|-
| 1939–58 || [[pious - pius|Pius]] XII || Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni || Pacelli || Born in Rome 1876. Strove for peace in WWII, but attacked for not working against the Holocaust, e.g. in Hochhuth's play ''Der Stellvertreter'' ("The Representative") of 1963
|-
| 1958–63 || John XXIII || Angelo Giuseppe || Roncalli (Italian) || '''Blessed''', the rank in the [[canon (religious)|canon]] below that of [[Saint]]. Born 1881 
|-
| 1963–78 || Paul VI || Giovanni Battista || Montini (Lombard) || Born 1897
|-
| 1978 || John Paul I || Albino || Luciani (Italian) || Born 1912, "God's candidate": 1st working-class pope since early years. Reigned just over a month.
|-
| 1978–2005 || John Paul II || Karol || Wojtyla (Polish) || 1st non-Italian (1st Slav) pope since Hadrian VI (1522)
|-
| 2005–2013 || Benedict XVI || Josef || Ratzinger (German) || Resigned (first Pope to do so for 500 yrs). Born 1927
|-
| 2013 || Francis || Jorge Maria || Bergoglio (Argentinian) || His current (2014) Holiness. 1st South American Pope
|-
|}

"Alphabetical List of Popes and Antipopes (names of antipopes in italics)"   The Oxford Dictionary of Popes. by J. N. D. Kelly. Oxford University Press Inc. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press.  University of Hull.  18 June 2010  <http://www.oxfordreference.com/views/ENTRY.html?subview=Main&entry=t99.e1046>

[[category:HoR]]
[[Category:Christianity]]
[[Category:Saints]]